Are Iran and Al Qaeda in cahoots?

Much has been made in recent days of an apparent gaffe by John McCain. He has suggested, on several occasions that Iran and Al Qaeda are cooperating in Iraq -- even though Iran is a Shiite Muslim country and Al Qaeda a Sunni Muslim organization. Fox News documents the initial fracas:

Sen. John McCain, the Republican presidential nominee-in-waiting, mistakenly said Tuesday that Iran was allowing Al Qaeda fighters into the country to be trained and returned to Iraq.

McCain, expressing concern about Iran’s rising sway in the Mideast, said, “Al Qaeda is going back into Iran and is receiving training and are coming back into Iraq from Iran.” He made the comments Tuesday at a news conference in Jordan; he made similar comments earlier to radio talk show host Hugh Hewitt.

Iran is a predominantly Shiite Muslim country and has been at pains to close its borders to Al Qaeda fighters of the rival Sunni sect.

Iran has been accused by the United States of funding, training and arming Iraqi Shiite militants in their uprising against the United States. But there have been no allegations by Washington and no evidence that Al Qaeda has benefited from Iranian assistance.

After Sen. Joe Lieberman, an independent from Connecticut who was traveling with McCain, stepped forward to whisper in the candidate’s ear, McCain said: “I’m sorry; the Iranians are training the extremists, not Al Qaeda. Not Al Qaeda. I’m sorry.”

McCain's campaign later tried to retract his retraction, however, making the case that there was evidence that Al Qaeda and Iran are, in fact, cooperating. The campaign cited this report from the American Enterprise Institute, which declared:"Iran is the principal source of weapons, funding, training, and on-site advisers for a number of Sunni and Shiite insurgent and terrorist groups in Iraq."

From the beginning, Iran did not confine its support of anti-American fighters to Shia groups. It also supported Ansar al-Islam, a radical Sunni terrorist group with close ties to al Qaeda. ... More recently, Iranian arms dealers have supplied new weapons to al Qaeda in Iraq. A supply of arms flowed from Iran into al Qaeda strongholds in Salman Pak and Arab Jabour, presumably from the Iranian border to the south and east. From there, al Qaeda transported the munitions to Baghdad.

The campaign also cited the words of Lt. Gen. Ray Odierno, then the No. 2 American commander in Iraq, during a July press conference:

Now, we all know that al Qaeda uses Iran and they do in some cases traffic some of their individuals through Iran to Iraq, but it's a very small number of people and it's mostly through the Kurdish regions up north, where you have the old Ansar al-Sunna connections. But beyond that, there is no specific connection between the Shi'a extremists -- excuse me -- the [Iranian] Quds Force operations and supporting the Shi'a extremists and that of al Qaeda, and supporting al Qaeda.

But the Washington Post's "Fact Checker" noted that McCain's campaign omitted a sentence from Odierno's transcript:

We don't see any evidence, significant evidence, that shows that [the Iranian-controlled] groups that are funding and providing arms to Shi'a extremists are directly related to al Qaeda.

The "Fact Checker" ended up giving McCain two Pinnochios for attempting to link Iran and Al Qaeda:

There is no reason to doubt the statements by U.S. generals that some of the weapons and munitions used by Sunni extremists in Iraq can be traced back to Iran. Odierno's statement about movements of "a small number" of al Qaeda personnel through Iran to Iraq also seems quite credible. But it is a big stretch to conclude from these statements that Iran is providing organized support for al Qaeda in Iraq.

The charge that McCain mixed up Sunnis and Shiites is probably unfair. After numerous trips to Iraq, the senator surely understands the difference between the two ethnic groups. Nevertheless, the evidence that the McCain camp has produced to back up the senator's claims for Iranian support for al Qaeda in Iraq is ambiguous and inconclusive. At the very least, McCain is guilty of gross over-simplification on an extremely sensitive national security matter.

Politifact, another fact-checking Web site, agreed, ranking McCain's claim as "false:"

Most experts do not believe Iran is helping al-Qaida because their respective religious affiliations are at odds with each other. Both sides are Muslim, but the Iranian government is Shiite while al-Qaida is Sunni. And al-Qaida adheres to a fundamentalist form of Sunni Islam that considers Shiites to be apostates. It's not likely the two groups would work together, certainly not "common knowledge."

In Iraq, both al-Qaida and Shiite extremists are commonly believed to be committing acts of violence. But it was al-Qaida that was behind the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, not Shiite extremists.

Under Saddam Hussein, Sunnis were the ruling class of Iraq, even though the country was majority Shiite. That division has hurt U.S. efforts to unify the country.

So: Al Qaeda and Iran are in cahoots in Iraq. Truth or not?

What do you think?
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