American Catholics prepare to greet Pope Benedict XVI
Pope Benedict XVI visits America next week for the first time during his papacy.
Pope Benedict XVI visits America next week for the first time during his papacy.
A Vatican reporter last week said John Paul was the perfect pope for the television age, "a man of images." Think of the pictures of him storm-tossed, tempest-tossed, standing somewhere and leaning into a heavy wind, his robes whipping behind him, holding on to his crosier, the staff bearing the image of a crucified Christ, with both hands, for dear life, as if consciously giving Christians a picture of what it is to be alive.
Benedict, the reporter noted, is the perfect pope for the Internet age. He is a man of the word. You download the text of what he said, print it, ponder it.
Now Benedict comes to America, his first trip as pope. The highlight in the Vatican's eyes is his address to the United Nations. No one knows what he will say. He will no doubt call for peace, for that is what popes do, and should do. Beyond that? Perhaps some variation on themes from his famous Regensburg address, in September 2006.
There he traced and limned some of the development of Christianity, but he turned first to Islam. Faith in God does not justify violence, he said. "The right use of reason" prompts us to understand that violence is incompatible with the nature of God, and the nature, therefore, of the soul. God, he quotes an ancient Byzantine ruler, "is not pleased by blood," and "not acting reasonably is contrary to God's nature." More: "To convince a reasonable soul, one does not need a strong arm." This is a message for our time, and a courageous one, too. (The speech was followed by riots and by Osama bin Laden's charge that the pope was starting a new "crusade.")
When Pope Benedict XVI makes his first papal trip to the United States in April, he will be guided by a seasoned Vatican ambassador who sees the visit as an opportunity to introduce a little-known pope to a complex set of audiences: American Catholics, Americans in general and global opinion leaders.
“The image of Benedict XVI is not only not well known, but it is badly known,” said Archbishop Pietro Sambi, who, as apostolic nuncio, is the Vatican’s top diplomat in the United States.
“He is known as an intransigent man, almost an inhuman man,” the archbishop said of Pope Benedict in an interview at the Vatican Embassy in Washington. “It will be enough to listen to him to change completely the idea of this tough, this inhuman person.”


Madonna with her daughter, Lourdes, and her adopted son, David, in Malawi.
Remember the rash of high-profile celebrity trips to Africa a couple of years ago? A superstar would jet into Africa and return with an orphaned child. Madonna stirred controversy in 2006 by adopting a boy from Malawi who was not an orphan at all. Now a study from the University of Liverpool this week warns that the number of children left in orphanages may actually be rising because of "Madonna-style" inter-country adoptions.
International adoption by celebrities in recent years has called attention to this serious problem. Whole generations are growing up without parents, or face a home environment that is unable to sustain them in a healthy way, and are in desperate need of adult guidance. However, international adoption is not the only way, nor is it necessarily the best way of helping these children. Funding and supporting orphanages that will keep the children in their home countries, near their remaining family and surrounded by their culture is a great way to ensure the children grow and develop into healthy contributing members of society. By providing health care, education, clothing and food for these children we are giving them a foundation by which they can prosper and give back to their communities.
What worries me, and many other adoptive parents I know, is that Madonna's mission to Malawi will scare off countries that currently allow adoption, fearing the worldwide publicity will create the perception that their children are for sale. She's given international adoption a major image problem. It's already bad enough that when you adopt overseas people think you're "skipping off to buy a baby," as I've been told, and that was before Madonna made headlines.
Plenty of adoptive parents figure out pretty quickly that if you want to avoid problems, do a little research and avoid countries with dicey adoption histories and poorly established programs. In my family, we never considered pressing a country closed to outside adoptions for an exemption; but then again, we hadn't donated $3 million to one of them either. We did think a lot about how our child would view his adoption when he grows up. We dismissed a possible facilitator because she seemed, well, shady. As my husband pointed out, you don't want "60 Minutes" showing up at your door 15 years later, informing you that your baby broker was corrupt. Try explaining that one to a vulnerable adolescent.

Patrolling over Iraq.
The invasion of Iraq was a "preemptive war" designed to topple Saddam Hussein before he could use weapons of mass destruction against the U.S. But no weapons were found, and some critics said the doctrine of preemption had been discredited.
Republicans mean to win in 2008, they will have to separate themselves, gently but unmistakably, from the Bush Doctrine. While honoring the president and all that he has achieved in the overall war on terrorism, candidates would be well advised to find new language in which to cast the war against the jihadists. The truth is that the punitive and preventive war components of the Bush Doctrine remain vital to national security and eminently defensible before the voters. But so identified is the Doctrine with democratization and the war in Iraq that it is doubtful whether Republican candidates could persuade the electorate to discriminate neatly between the Doctrine's parts. Within its global campaign for democracy there are reasonable, modest initiatives that might be preserved, too, but so wrapped up are these with the overall discredited tone of idealism that it will probably be hard, once again, to distinguish them publicly.
Might it be possible to endorse the whole Bush Doctrine but promise to interpret it in a less militant and more cautious way? The paradox -- interpreting it more moderately than its author did -- would prove awkward. And does any candidate want to keep reminding the voters of his connection, his dependence on George W. Bus
One can understand why any administration would favor preemption and why some would be attracted to preventive war if they think it could guarantee invulnerability. But this psychological reassurance is at best illusory and the effort to attain it may be counterproductive. Preventive wars are imprudent, because they bring wars that might not happen and increase resentment. They are also unjust, because they assume, as Bismarck said, perfect knowledge of an adversary’s ill intentions when such presumptions may be premature or false.
That temptation should be resisted. Vulnerability is a fact of life. And the stress of living in fear should be reduced by true prevention—arms control, disarmament, negotiations, confidence-building measures, and the development of international law.



Obama and Clinton take their campaigns to women, but it could be that the candidate with the most appeal to female voters isn't in the picture.
Evidently, American women’s opinions of Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama have slipped more in the past few months than their opinions of Republican John McCain have changed, according to a survey released on Thursday.
But despite the prevailing opinions of media commentators, the female vote isn't necessarily a slam-dunk for Hillary. To gain the votes of most women -- the not-so-famous, so to speak -- she'll have to fight for it, just as other candidates, Democratic and Republican, have done since political pundits began pontificating on the "gender gap."
Historically, male and female voting patterns have differed because of competing visions over the proper role of the government. In recent years, a slight majority of women have tended to prefer a larger government with more services -- and therefore have voted for Democrats. Meanwhile, a majority of men have voted Republican, preferring a smaller government with fewer services.
But the gender gap has started to shrink. In 2000, Al Gore won the women's vote by 12 percentage points. By 2004, however, John Kerry won the women's vote by just three percentage points, as President Bush improved his standing among female voters dramatically.The fact is that women are wealthier, healthier and more independent than ever before. And free market policies have much to do with the strides American women have made.
The epic struggle between Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama reveals strong fault lines between some older and younger women, first underscored by no less than Gloria Steinem who scorned those of us supporting a male over a female. Women of my generation venerate Steinem for her pioneering leadership but tend to reject her insinuation that the Democratic primary winner must have a body like our own. Beyond the importance of race and gender, we believe this election should be about a vision for the nation, leadership style and basic political values.
Values and vision matter most to us, and Obama's extraordinary world view resonates with our desire for a different future. We do not want a nation or world where the old rules are maintained, and we do not want to continue political discourse at this most base level. We have a future to re-define, not only for women but for men and children, and we may have an opportunity to define it through the leadership of an inspiring and visionary young Senator from Illinois.
In this race, Barack Obama is the true feminist. Hillary Clinton, unfortunately, still does not get it.
